# Glossary This glossary defines terms used by the DFO, in alphabetical order. The [ontology](ontology.md) defines development finance terms such as ODA and grant equivalent. The skills pages explain how to use them. ## Artifact digest The SHA-256 of one downloadable file, written `sha256:` and 64 hex characters. One `content_version` can have several artifacts, such as a CSV file, a zipped bundle, and a per-series summary in Parquet. See [Versions and snapshots](versions.md). ## Bundle The zip file that is the default download. It includes a README, the data file, a table of code names, `SOURCES.md`, `CITATION.cff`, and `datapackage.json`. See [The data bundle](bundle.md). ## Classification A coded list that a source uses to describe its data, such as CRS purpose codes or finance types. Each code is a node in the knowledge graph, such as `CRSPurposeCode12220` for basic health care. See [The development finance ontology](ontology.md). ## `content_version` The identifier for one materialised result of a spec, written `cv_` and 32 hex characters, such as `cv_5b7870b8161a6995a2b87d1bde5427ab`. It changes when the rows change, including the unit, method, or provenance on any row. A graph, source, or conversion change that leaves every row the same keeps it. See [Versions and snapshots](versions.md). ## Data Commons The open-source graph platform, from Google, that serves the DFO knowledge graph. The DFO reuses its nodes for places, such as `country/NGA`, and adds its own for development finance. See [The knowledge graph](knowledge-graph.md). ## dcid The id of a node in the knowledge graph, such as `country/FRA` or `CRSTypeOfFinance110`. Every entity, classification value, StatVar, and provenance has one. See [The knowledge graph](knowledge-graph.md). ## Definition A spec fetched by its `spec_id` alone. It re-runs the question against the live graph, so it can return newer data than last time. See [Versions and snapshots](versions.md). ## Entity The subject of an observation, such as a country or an organisation, named by its dcid. See [The knowledge graph](knowledge-graph.md). ## Facet One edition of a number, distinguished from other editions by its provenance, unit, and measurement method. See [The knowledge graph](knowledge-graph.md#facets). ## Frame reference The pair `{spec_id, content_version}`, which identifies one saved data table. The DFO MCP server's `get_data` tool returns one and the analysis tools take one. See [Versions and snapshots](versions.md). ## Grant equivalent A development finance measure defined in the ontology. In the knowledge graph, it is the measured property `grantEquivalent`, so a CRS grant equivalent is a separate StatVar from a disbursement. See [The knowledge graph](knowledge-graph.md#what-each-column-becomes). ## Knowledge graph The graph that holds every source the DFO ingests, with provenance on every observation. See [The knowledge graph](knowledge-graph.md). ## Live link A share link that shows the latest data each time it opens. A search link re-runs its query, and a Studio link redraws its data cards. The alternative is a snapshot link. See [Share live data or a snapshot](../build/share.md). ## Observation One number in the graph: a StatVar, its entities in their roles, a date, a value, and a unit. See [The knowledge graph](knowledge-graph.md#the-observation). ## Ontology The DFO's model of development finance includes the classes, properties, and classification values used to build StatVars. The DFO edits the model in a public Wikibase. See [The development finance ontology](ontology.md). ## Pin Pinning has two meanings. In Studio, it puts a card on the canvas. On the Datasets API, it keeps a snapshot's file with no expiry. See [Use Studio](../get-started/use-studio.md) and [Versions and snapshots](versions.md). ## Price basis Refers to whether monetary figures are provided in current prices, as the source reported it, or in constant prices of a base year. See [Methods](methods.md). ## Provenance A provenance is the graph node that records a number's publisher, licence, and last refresh. `provenance/OECDCreditorReportingSystem` is the CRS one. See [The knowledge graph](knowledge-graph.md#facets). ## Reproducing call The API call that is stored inside a bundle's `datapackage.json` that rebuilds the dataset from its `spec_id`. See [The data bundle](bundle.md#datapackagejson). ## Role The position an entity holds on an observation, such as `financingProvider` or `financingRecipient`. A spec groups roles into two flow axes, `origin` and `destination`. See [The knowledge graph](knowledge-graph.md#roles). ## Skill A package of domain knowledge, such as definitions, methodological rules, and analytical recipes, that an assistant can load for a development finance question. See [What a skill is](../skills/what-a-skill-is.md). ## Slot One property a spec constrains, such as `crsPurpose`, with its binding: a value, a set of values, or unbound. See [Versions and snapshots](versions.md). ## Snapshot A spec fetched by the pair `spec_id` and `content_version`. It serves the stored rows exactly as first retrieved, for 30 days or with no expiry once pinned. See [Versions and snapshots](versions.md). ## Spec The DFO's exact reading of a data request, written as graph references. It names a region of the knowledge graph and holds no data. See [Versions and snapshots](versions.md). ## `spec_id` The id of a spec, written `spec_` and 32 hex characters, such as `spec_19e75bf0f03c57ec5445816962ae3896`. It hashes the request, so the same question always gets the same id. See [Versions and snapshots](versions.md). ## StatVar A statistical variable (StatVar) defines one kind of number precisely enough to compare observations, such as ODA gross disbursements for basic health care as standard grants. See [The knowledge graph](knowledge-graph.md#the-statvar). ## Wikibase The public site, [developmentfinance.wikibase.cloud](https://developmentfinance.wikibase.cloud), where the DFO ontology is edited. Its items compile into the concepts the knowledge graph uses. See [The development finance ontology](ontology.md). ## Next - [The knowledge graph](knowledge-graph.md) follows one CRS record into StatVars and observations, where most of these terms appear together. - [Versions and snapshots](versions.md) explains specs, content versions, and artifact digests.